Black spots on the tongue, what do they consist of?

Although it seems strange, black spots on the tongue are somewhat more frequent than we think. These spots worry everyone who suffers them, since most people often think directly of cancer. But nevertheless, Its causes can be multiple.

Its location and appearance vary. Black spots on the tongue may appear on the back and look hairy. They can also do it in other areas, multiple or solitary. Most of the time they are temporary and their duration varies with the cause.

In this article we explain what are the main causes of black spots appearing on the tongue and its consequences.

What are the causes of blackheads on the tongue?

The tongue, in normal conditions, is red and covered with small bumps called papillae. Sometimes, the papillae may discolor and swell and take on this aspect of blackheads.

Black spots on the tongue usually due to problems with oral hygiene. However, they can also be a symptom of oral cancer, problems with medication or tobacco. The main causes are:

Black hairy tongue

It is a mild and temporary oral disease. The tongue adopts a dark and hairy appearance. It occurs because dead skin cells cannot be removed normally. Therefore, they accumulate and make the papillae increase in size.

The papillae trap more bacteria, food debris, tobacco substances, and so on. These substances make the tongue »get dirty». There are many processes that relate to this pathology:

Although this pathology of this aspect of black spots on the tongue and is alarming, does not usually cause health problems or pain. It usually remits by eliminating these factors and applying proper oral hygiene.

You may be interested: The first 5 symptoms of tongue cancer

Hyperpigmentation of the tongue

It is a benign disorder that also causes black spots on the tongue. It is relatively common in the black and Asian race. It usually appears between the ages of 20 and 30, although it can also be seen in children. It usually affects the lateral surfaces and the tip of the tongue.

The cause is unknown, although scientists are investigating the possibility of a genetic factor. Numerous studies try to demonstrate the type of inheritance of this pathology.

Fungal infection

Fungal infection They are common in people who have poor oral hygiene. In fact, they can also appear by taking certain antibiotics. This is because antibiotics alter the entire bacterial composition of the tongue, including the one that acts protectively.

Injuries and wounds

Even if we don't stop to think about it, the tongue can also suffer bruising. Any blow or bite that does not tear the tissue can cause small bruises to form on the tongue. They are shown in the form of small black spots on the tongue.

You might like: Signs of health or disease in the tongue

Black spots on the tongue for medications

As we mentioned before, antibiotics can weaken the bacterial flora of the tongue. Therefore, it is easier to have a fungal infection.

But on the other hand, there are other medications that can cause black spots on the tongue. The mechanism of this side effect is complex. However, it is a transitory situation. When you stop taking the medication, surely, your tongue will be normal again.

The important thing about blackheads on the tongue

Black spots on the tongue may appear for different reasons. However, most cases are related to bad habits. Both oral hygiene and tobacco significantly influence.

Thus, It is very important to maintain proper hygiene. It is recommended to brush your teeth at least twice a day. Similarly, you should use dental floss and mouthwash daily.

On the other hand, avoid toxic habits, especially smoking. Tobacco has been linked to both black spots on the tongue and oral cancer.

If you notice changes in the tongue or anywhere in the mouth, Do not hesitate to go to the doctor. He will perform the relevant tests for diagnosis and to rule out that it is a carcinogenic process.